Products IRPC and its subsidiaries produce and distribute petroleum and petrochemical products, with details as follows: Petroleum Products Fuels • Gasoline: is fuel for gasoline engines. Gasoline is classified by its octane rating, which indicates its resistance to “knocking” during combustion under state regulations. IRPC’s main grades of gasoline consist of lead-free Gasoline 95, Gasohol 91, Gasohol 95, and Gasoline Base Types 1 and 2 used for the production of gasohol. • Diesel: is fuel for high-speed diesel engines used in the industrial sector and vehicles, such as cars, trucks, passenger boats, and tractors. IRPC offers blends of 6-20% biodiesel as per government policy to promote the use of alternative energy and to support and promote use of palm oil. In 2024, the government has set a policy to reduce to 2 types of diesel fuel – regular diesel to be mixed with 7% of B100 biodiesel at 7 percent and B20 diesel an alternative fuel starting from May 1, 2024. • Fuel Oil: is a fraction of crude oil with a high boiling point. Fuel oil is widely used in the industrial sector, transportation, and power generation. • Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (LSFO): is used primarily by cargo ships in compliance with the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) requirements, which determine that the sulfur content in Bunker Fuel must be reduced from 3.5 percent to 0.5 percent. • Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) or Cooking Gas: is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases, mainly propane and butane. LPG is commonly found in household kitchens and factories in industrial applications. LPG can also be used as a fuel for gasoline engines. Lube Base Oils • Lube Base Oil: refers to heavy distillates used for producing different grades of lubricants. IRPC produces grades of base oil for various purposes and applications as follows: 150 SN is the feedstock for the production of lubricants for manufacturing industries, such as automotive industry, and transportation industry, etc. 500 SN is the feedstock for the manufacture of lubricants used in most types of vehicles. 150 BS is used in industries and engines involving high friction, such as those in trucks, locomotives, and seagoing vessels, etc. In addition, IRPC has researched and developed other innovative base oils, namely, Treated Distillate Aromatic Extract (TDAE) and Residue Aromatic Extract (RAE). These are used as feedstocks for the manufacture of automotive tires and contain reduced Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are carcinogenic, thus contributing to consumer safety. • Asphalt: is a compound of hydrocarbons and other organic substances collectively known as bitumen. Thick and viscose, asphalt is the heaviest part from the crude oil distillation process. It is used for road construction and sealant. Other Petroleum Products • Naphtha: refers to light distillates obtained from the oil refining process. It is a major petrochemical feedstock. 70 Structure and Business Operations of IRPC IRPC Public Company Limited
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